AAO C_AFM Metal optoelectronics Dimethicone LightEmiting NUS_Physics InsulatorFilm cross section TriGlycineSulphate ShenYang HexagonalBN ring shape Solution PANI PhaseTransition rubber AdhesionEnergy CuSubstrate TCS FrequencyModulation Forevision Ptfe epitaxy FM_SKPM temp_control SICM Corrosion fluorocarbon OpticalWaveguides PDMS layers Polyvinylidene_fluoride Optoelectonics Change