Materials Defect Lanthanum_aluminate PatternedSapphireSubstrat PinpointPFM Polyvinylidene Patterns Self-assembledMonolayer HfO2 LMF CHRYSALIS_INC NTU light_emission DeoxyribonucleicAcid Molybdenum Gallium MfmAmplitude FastScan MeltingPoint Electronics Titanate Wildtype TemperatureControllerAFM PpLdpe temperature_control BariumTitanate Gallium_Arsenide small_scan Korea AM-KPFM phase_change SKPM fluoroalkane Beads doped