ChemicalCompound SiliconOxide PS_LDPE optoelectronics MLCC Conductance FastScan Polytetrafluoroethylene SSRM Litho fluorocarbon Yeditepe Solution kelvin probe force microscopy PatternedSapphireSubstrat Oxide Gallium Foil Crystal Bacterium BiasMode self_healing Temperature AlkaneFilm high_resolution MfmAmplitude Worcester_Polytechnic_Institute Sulfur Water Aluminium_Oxide Epoxy LateralForceMicroscopy Melt Workfunction Optic